About the project
Project Manager
Omarbekova, Urzhan
candidate of veterinary sciences, associate professor
Scopus Author ID: 57222511030
Researcher ID: 57222511030
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2459-5438
Relevance
The development of technology for the development and control of a subunit vaccine against MPIA is an urgent topic. This project, presented on the development of special means of prevention against MPIA, is considered a completely new approach to the creation of a vaccine preparation. For the first time in the Republic of Kazakhstan, epizootic MPIA strains isolated from different regions of the Republic will be studied, according to the results of which the most relevant strains will be selected to create a subunit vaccine. The obtained original strains can also be used to prepare standard antigens for the rapid diagnosis of epizootic foci of infection in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Goal
Isolation and study of the biological properties and molecular genetic structure of MPIA strains circulating among birds in the regions of Kazakhstan, selection of relevant "field" isolates as candidates for vaccine manufacture and development of a subunit vaccine against these infections.
Expected and achieved results
1. In order to determine the maximum zone of spread of the MPIP virus in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, epizootological monitoring was carried out, trends in the rates and risk factors affecting the dynamics of the infectious process were determined, as a result of the collection and analysis of epizootological data, the nosological profile of acute infectious diseases of birds in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2019-2023 was determined.
The epizootic situation of avian metapneumovirus has been determined, an epizootic map has been compiled for zoning the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, depending on the intensity of registration of this disease
2. In order to isolate the causative agent of metapneumovirus Pneumoviridae from samples of biological material of birds sick and suspected of having metpneumovirus disease from poultry farms in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 1,375 samples of pathological material were taken from epidemic foci in North Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, Turkestan, Atyrau and Mangistau habitats and delivered to the laboratory "Molecular Virology and Antiviral Biotechnology".
3. To isolate avian metapneumovirus, a primary trypsinized cell culture obtained from SPF chicken embryos aged 10-11 days and transplanted Vero cells was used. As the successive passages were carried out, we noted an increase in the cytopathic effect in the culture monolayer, which was expressed by rounding cells in limited areas of the monolayer, the appearance of cytoplasmic granularity in them on 3-4 days after infection. On day 6-7, cell degeneration was observed by 70-80%, then syncytium formation was observed in some areas, which is a characteristic sign of CPD for avian metapneumovirus. Thus, during virological examination, an isolate of avian metapneumovirus was isolated from the patmaterial selected from forcibly killed and fallen birds in Vero cells and fibroblasts of chicken embryos
4. After working out the optimal schemes for obtaining the biomass of MPIP viruses, we faced the task of choosing an effective inactivating substance, its concentration and optimal inactivation parameters that ensure complete suppression of the infectious properties of viruses with maximum preservation of the antigenic structures of virions.
The inactivation process, in addition to the complete cessation of the infectious activity of the virus, ensures the preservation of its antigenic structures. Various chemical and physical methods were used to implement it. During the research work, the conditions of inactivation of avian MPIP viruses based on the aminoethylethylenimine dimer (DEI) were studied, as a result of which it was found that the effectiveness of the inactivation action directly depends on the concentration of the aminoethylethylenimine dimer.
Information for potential users
Vaccination, which is a global trend in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the development of a subunit vaccine will contribute to the development of new knowledge and experience in this field, and most importantly, the development of a methodology for obtaining an innovative subunit vaccine against MPIP with high immunogenic, protective properties. The obtained biologics make it possible to establish control over the spread of the pathogen of metapneumovirus infection in the territory of the republic. The fundamental difference between the presented project idea and existing developments lies in the production of an effective subunit vaccine.
The work performed contributes to improving the level of scientific research, the scientific and technical potential of the university and the training of young scientific personnel. The results obtained during the development of a subunit vaccine open up the prospect of using similar approaches and methods in the detection of other infections. The results of the study make it possible to use the latest achievements of biotechnology in the development of specific preventive drugs and contribute to the formation of a modern model of scientific and innovative activities.
Members of the research group
1. Mussoyev Assilbek
musoev.a@mail.ru
PhD
Scopus Author ID: 57604534400
Researcher ID: 57604534400
ORCID: 57604534400
2. Abutalip Aspen
aspen_vet@mail.ru
doctor of veterinary sciences, professor
Scopus Author ID: 57194565749
Researcher ID: AGP-1853-2022
ORCID: 0000-0002-2724-8220
3. Mussina Galiya
gmussina@univet.kz
candidate of veterinary sciences, associate professor
Scopus Author ID: 56271654800
Researcher ID: 56271654800
4. Kaimoldina Saira
sayra_kaymoldina@mail.ru
Ph.D. student
Scopus Author ID:58513927800
Researcher ID: 58513927800
ORCID: 0000-0002-7658-5805
5. Bazarbayev Ryskeldi
riko_002kz@mail.ru
master of veterinary sciences
Scopus Author ID: 57604534400
Researcher ID 57604534400
ORCID: 0000-0003-3389-4365
6. Mukhametkaliyev Aidar
mukhametkalievaidar@gmail.com
master of veterinary sciences
Researcher ID: rid96792
ORCID: 0009-0009-4261-5330